Introduction to Tartar
Tartar, also known as dental calculus, is hardened plaque that forms on teeth. When plaque—a sticky, colorless film of bacteria—remains on the teeth for too long, it can mineralize into tartar. This hardened substance can lead to serious dental issues, including gum disease and cavities, if not properly managed.
How Tartar Forms
The process of tartar formation begins with poor oral hygiene. Here’s how it typically occurs:
- Diet and Bacteria: Foods and drinks high in sugar and carbohydrates promote plaque formation, as bacteria feed on these substances.
- Plaque Buildup: If plaque is not removed by regular brushing and flossing, it can harden within 24 to 72 hours.
- Mineralization: Saliva, which contains minerals, contributes to the hardening process. The calcium and phosphate in saliva help transform plaque into tartar.
Types of Tartar
Tartar can be categorized into two types based on its location:
- Supragingival Tartar: This type occurs above the gumline and is the most common form. It often appears as a yellow or brownish stain on teeth.
- Subgingival Tartar: Found below the gumline, this type is often dark in color and is associated with more serious dental problems.
Consequences of Tartar Buildup
Failing to address tartar buildup can lead to various dental health problems. Some of the most notable consequences include:
- Gum Disease: Tartar irritates the gums, leading to gingivitis (inflammation and bleeding of gums) and advanced periodontitis if treatment is not sought.
- Cavities: Tartar creates a rough surface where plaque can accumulate, increasing the risk of tooth decay.
- Dental Abscess: If bacteria infiltrate deeper within the tooth or gums, it can result in a painful infection.
- Bad Breath: The bacteria in tartar can lead to persistent bad breath (halitosis).
Statistics on Tartar and Oral Health
Understanding the prevalence and impact of tartar can highlight its significance in dental health:
- According to the CDC, about 47% of adults aged 30 and older have some form of gum disease.
- A study in the Journal of Periodontology found that individuals with higher tartar levels are more likely to experience severe gum disease.
- In a survey, it was found that only 20% of adults floss daily, leading to a higher risk of tartar buildup.
Preventing Tartar Buildup
The good news is that tartar buildup can be largely prevented with proper oral hygiene practices:
- Regular Brushing: Brush at least twice a day using fluoride toothpaste.
- Floss Daily: Flossing helps remove plaque from between teeth and below the gumline where a toothbrush can’t reach.
- Regular Dental Visits: Professional cleanings every six months help remove tartar and detect potential issues early.
- Dietary Choices: Limit sugary foods and drinks as they encourage plaque formation.
Professional Treatment of Tartar
If tartar has already formed, visiting a dental professional is necessary. The treatments typically involve:
- Scaling: A dental hygienist uses special instruments to manually scrape off tartar from the teeth.
- Polishing: After scaling, teeth are polished to smooth surfaces, making it harder for plaque to stick.
- Fluoride Treatment: A fluoride treatment may be applied to help strengthen the enamel and protect against cavities.
Conclusion
Tartar is a common yet preventable dental issue that can lead to significant health problems if left untreated. Understanding its formation, consequences, and prevention strategies is crucial for maintaining good oral hygiene. Take charge of your dental health by forming effective hygiene habits and scheduling regular dental check-ups.
