Introduction
The mortarboard is not just a simple piece of academic regalia; it symbolizes achievement, tradition, and a rite of passage for countless students worldwide. But what exactly is a mortarboard, and how did it come to be associated with graduation ceremonies?
Definition and Description
A mortarboard is a flat, square academic cap that sits atop a graduated or scholar’s head. Traditionally made from black fabric, the mortarboard features a distinctive tassel that is typically worn on the right side during the ceremony and moved to the left side afterward, symbolizing the transition from student to graduate.
History of the Mortarboard
The origins of the mortarboard can be traced back to the 15th century. The cap’s design evolved from an earlier style called the biretta, a type of cap worn by clergy and scholars. The transition to the current square shape is generally believed to have begun in the late 19th century, particularly in colleges in the United States.
Symbolism and Significance
The mortarboard carries significant symbolism in academic culture. Here are a few of its key meanings:
- Achievement: Wearing a mortarboard signifies the completion of a degree or program of study, marking a significant milestone.
- Tradition: The mortarboard is steeped in centuries of academic tradition, connecting graduates to a lineage of scholars.
- Community: The mortarboard signifies a graduate’s membership in an academic community or institution, fostering a sense of belonging.
Statistics about Graduation
In recent years, graduation rates have shown a positive trend:
- In the United States, the average graduation rate for high school students reached a record high of 89% in 2020.
- According to the National Center for Education Statistics, approximately 62% of full-time, first-time degree-seeking students enrolled in public four-year institutions graduated within six years.
- Internationally, countries like Finland and South Korea report high graduation rates, often exceeding 90% for secondary education.
Mortarboard Variations Across Cultures
While the traditional black mortarboard is recognizable to most, variations exist around the world. Here are some examples:
- United Kingdom: Many universities in the UK use a different form of cap called a ‘square cap‘ but often have a similar square shape.
- Japan: In Japan, students may wear a different style of headwear known as a ‘hakama‘ during graduation, yet it carries its cultural significance.
- Mexico: Graduates often wear a mortarboard but with colorful tassels that reflect their degree or institution’s colors.
Case Study: Mortarboard Ceremonies in Different Countries
To illustrate how mortarboards are used in graduation ceremonies worldwide, we can take a look at two specific examples:
United States
In the U.S., commencement ceremonies typically feature graduates wearing mortarboards as they walk across the stage to receive their diplomas. Keynotes are often given by notable alumni or leaders, and the mortarboard serves as a symbol of pride and achievement as they face their future.
Germany
Germany maintains traditional graduation ceremonies where students may wear a different style of cap along with a designated robe. The emphasis is equally on academic achievement, but the mortarboard is less common compared to American styles, emphasizing cultural differences.
Conclusion
The mortarboard is more than an accessory; it represents decades of history, cultural nuance, and personal achievement. As students don their mortarboards during graduation ceremonies, they take a moment to reflect on their academic journey and look forward to the bright futures that lie ahead.
