Introduction
Transition elements, also known as transition metals, are elements that have partially filled d or f electron shells in their atomic structure. They exhibit unique chemical and physical properties that set them apart from other elements in the periodic table.
Characteristics of Transition Elements
- Variable oxidation states
- Formation of colored compounds
- Complex formation
- Catalytic activity
Examples of Transition Elements
Some common transition elements include iron, copper, zinc, nickel, and gold. These elements play crucial roles in various industrial processes and biological functions.
Case Studies
One example of the importance of transition elements is the use of iron in hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen throughout the body. Without iron, our bodies would not be able to carry out essential functions.
Statistics
According to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), there are a total of 38 transition elements in the periodic table, spanning from Group 3 to Group 12.
