What is Mercury?
Mercury is a chemical element with the symbol Hg and atomic number 80. It is commonly known as quicksilver and is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature. Mercury is a heavy, silver-white transition metal that is commonly found in nature as cinnabar ore.
Properties of Mercury
- Symbol: Hg
- Atomic number: 80
- State at room temperature: liquid
- Color: silver-white
- Density: 13.534 g/cm³
Uses of Mercury
Mercury has a variety of uses in different industries. It is used in thermometers, barometers, and various electrical devices. In the past, mercury was used in dental fillings and in the production of mirrors.
Health Hazards of Mercury
Mercury is a toxic substance that can cause serious health problems if it is ingested or inhaled. It can damage the nervous system, kidneys, and liver. Pregnant women and young children are particularly vulnerable to mercury poisoning.
Case Study: Minamata Disease
One of the most well-known cases of mercury poisoning is the Minamata disease outbreak in Japan. A chemical company discharged mercury into the waters of Minamata Bay, leading to severe mercury poisoning in the local population. The effects of the contamination are still being felt today.
Environmental Impact of Mercury
Mercury pollution is a significant environmental concern. It can contaminate water sources and accumulate in the food chain, leading to harmful effects on wildlife and humans. Efforts are being made to reduce mercury emissions and clean up contaminated sites.
