Introduction
When we think of ancient monuments, Stonehenge often comes to mind. But what exactly is a henge? Let’s dive into the definition of henge, explore various examples, case studies, and statistics to understand this fascinating archaeological concept.
What is a Henge?
A henge is a prehistoric earthwork enclosure typically consisting of a circular ditch and a raised bank. The ditch is usually on the inside of the bank, creating a circular or oval-shaped boundary. Henges are commonly associated with megaliths or standing stones, with Stonehenge being the most famous example.
Examples of Henges
- Stonehenge: Located in Wiltshire, England, Stonehenge is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a prime example of a henge monument.
- Avebury: Another well-known henge monument in Wiltshire, Avebury features a large stone circle surrounded by a ditch and bank.
- Woodhenge: Situated near Stonehenge, Woodhenge is a timber circle henge with postholes marking the location of standing timbers.
Case Studies
Recent archaeological studies have revealed fascinating insights into the purpose and construction of henge monuments. Excavations at various henges have uncovered evidence of ceremonial activities, burial sites, and astronomical alignments.
Statistics
According to archaeological surveys, there are over 1,000 known henge monuments in the British Isles alone. These henges vary in size, shape, and construction methods, indicating a diverse range of cultural practices and beliefs.
Understanding the definition of henge can provide valuable insights into ancient societies, their rituals, and their relationship with the landscape. From Stonehenge to Avebury, henges continue to captivate archaeologists and historians alike, shedding light on our ancestors’ ingenuity and spiritual beliefs.
