What is Gerrymandering?
Gerrymandering is a practice used in politics to manipulate the boundaries of electoral districts to favor a particular political party or group. This tactic can distort the democratic process by allowing those in power to choose their voters, rather than voters choosing their representatives.
Types of Gerrymandering
- Partisan Gerrymandering: Drawing district lines to benefit one political party over another.
- Racial Gerrymandering: Manipulating district boundaries to dilute the voting power of minority groups.
- Incumbent Gerrymandering: Protecting sitting lawmakers by drawing favorable districts.
Examples of Gerrymandering
One infamous example of gerrymandering is the case of North Carolina’s 12th Congressional District, which was drawn in a serpentine shape to concentrate African American voters and ensure the election of a Democratic representative.
Case Studies
In Wisconsin, Republicans redrew district lines in 2010 which led to their party winning 60 out of 99 assembly seats in 2012, despite Democrats winning a majority of the statewide vote.
Statistics on Gerrymandering
A study by the Brennan Center for Justice found that extreme gerrymandering in 2018 resulted in 16-17 additional Republican seats in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Impact of Gerrymandering
Gerrymandering can lead to distorted representation, decreased competition, and disenfranchisement of voters. It undermines the principles of democracy and fairness in the electoral process.
