What is Ozone?
Ozone is a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms. It is a gas that exists both in the Earth’s upper atmosphere and at ground level. Ozone in the stratosphere is beneficial as it protects us from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. However, ground-level ozone, created by the interaction of sunlight with pollutants like nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds, is harmful to human health.
Benefits of Ozone
- Protects from UV radiation
- Cleans the air by removing pollutants
- Improves water quality
Harmful Effects of Ozone
- Respiratory issues
- Aggravation of asthma
- Damage to crops and forests
Case Study: Ozone Hole
In the 1980s, scientists discovered a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. This was caused by the release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) from aerosol sprays and refrigerants. Through international cooperation, the Montreal Protocol was agreed upon to phase out the use of CFCs, leading to the gradual healing of the ozone hole.
Statistics on Ozone Depletion
- According to NASA, the ozone hole reached its largest size in 2000, covering an area of about 11.5 million square miles.
- Since the implementation of the Montreal Protocol, the ozone layer is projected to recover to its pre-1980 levels by the middle of the 21st century.
